Learn How To Shoot In Manual Mode - ISO, Shutter Speed & Aperture

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Understanding your camera will provide you more confidence and more artistic photographs.  

But how do you learn without getting frustrated before you even begin?
Becoming a manual-junkie is about understanding three components ...

Shutter speed, ISO & aperture

You see these settings every time you use your camera, but isn’t it just more efficient to let the camera choose what they should be set to?  
NOPE !!  no way!  
Not gonna get me to agree with that!
A camera is a mean machine, and it’s auto setting will want to make EVERYTHING in focus, including the background – a not so artistic way to photograph unless you are doing landscaping.
To be comfortable shooting in manual you will need to know what your necessary adjustments are.
Though these settings are all numeric, there isn’t some insane math equation that you need to do to find out what to dial them into.  (Thankfully, because I hate math & who has time for equations.)
You need to play with those number’s prior to each session, within your session surroundings, to get a good understanding. 


Let’s chat shutter speed !!


Shutter speed is like your eyelids & blinking.  And here is how:
  • The shutter blinks in your camera.  The number you assign to the shutter speed defines the speed of the ‘blink’.
  • When you have your shutter speed turned down you are essentially blinking slowly and allowing more light to pass through.  Note:  When you have lower shutter speeds you will also show more camera shake so be careful going too low.
When you have your shutter speed turned up you are essentially blinking fast and filtering out the light and limiting what passes through your lens.
Shutter Speed is the FIRST setting I go to when I need to adjust my light.

I take one test photo and then ask myself what I need to do to correct the exposure.

What is the shutter speed setting I use before I start any session?  

Honestly I don’t preset this number.  I take a look at the light that’s outside and ask myself  ’is it bright or shaded?’ If it’s bright I will twist the dial up high and work my way down until I get the perfect test shot.  If it is shaded I will twist the dial low and work my way up when deciding the correct setting to use for that shot.
  • Lower your shutter speed will lighten exposure
  • Increase your shutter speed and you darken your exposure.
If adjusting shutter is all you need to get the correct exposure it is not necessary to adjust the other two components.  I always start with shutter first.

Wanna get to know your ISO?

 
ISO is like mini-blinds on a window.  Here is how:
The ISO is a light regulator, just as blinds are in your home.  
When the blinds are drawn DOWN the light is minimal, when you pull them UP you bring in all the light from outside.  
The reason that we choose blinds is so that we can pull them up or down depending upon how much light we want.  This is the function for ISO.
  • The lower the ISO number the less light – keep it this way unless you must adjust for a brighter photo.
  • The higher the ISO number the more light – however if too high you could introduce noise.

What is the ISO setting I use before any shoot?

I start off at the same ISO setting for every shoot.  I always start with 100 or 200.  
The reason for this is I generally don’t adjust my ISO unless I have to.  
100-200 will provide no noise and it is where I feel most comfortable.  If adjusting the shutter wasn’t enough then I will increase my ISO number.  So it makes perfect sense to just keep it as low as possible and adjust only when needed.

 The icing on your camera cake is Aperture !!


Aperture is seriously the cream cheese frosting to my white cake (ohhhhh my favorite of all kinds).
Without aperture control I would have no ‘style’ to my skill.  
I rely on this to create the very thing that draws my attention – narrow depth of field.
What is that?
The beautiful creamy, blurry background that you see in much of my photos.  It’s not for everyone and certainly not for landscape photographers but boyyyyy do I love me a narrow depth of field.  
So let’s learn about how it works and why you need it.
Though you can use aperture to adjust light within your camera, it is also a tool for creating depth of field and an artsy photo.  
For this purpose I do not use aperture as a light adjuster.  
I keep my aperture, the f-stop setting, at its lowest number available.  
I like everything but my subject out of focus.  
Note:  If I have more than one subject I increase my f-stop one point for each person until I reach 4.5 and then never – as my own personal rule – go over that!
Aperture is measured in F-stops on your camera.  
I remembered the F-stop by comparing it to how your pupil reacts to the lighting situation around it. Here is how:
  • A fully dilated pupil is the bodies reaction to less light – a large F-stop number gives less light.
  • A small pupil is the bodies reaction to more light, the smaller the F-stop number the more light is provided.
So remember when thinking of aperture, the smaller the f-stop number the more light you will give to your photo.



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